UNITED NATIONS, New York, Oct 22 – Following are UN Secretary-General António Guterres’ remarks to the Peacebuilding Commission on “Our Common Agenda and the New Agenda for Peace”, in New York today:
You all have heard my warnings and many of you share my sense of urgency. The climate crisis is looming, the pandemic is upending our world and conflicts continue to rage and worsen. The world is experiencing its biggest shared test since the Second World War, and I believe we are at a turning point.
The choices we make — or fail to make — today could result, as I have been saying, in further breakdown and a future of perpetual crises, or a breakthrough to a better, more sustainable, peaceful future for people and for the planet. Our Common Agenda is an agenda of urgent collective action to strengthen multilateralism and make it fit for the challenges we are facing in the twenty‑first century.
If there is a central message in my report it concerns preventing war and strengthening global peace and security. It builds on the great preventive treaties of our time, but also the 2030 Agenda and the Paris Agreement [on climate change], and seeks to accelerate their implementation. It sets out the parameters of an upgraded social contract, anchored in human rights, to tackle growing inequality and exclusion, and build trust and social cohesion.
It is for us, the Secretariat, to support Member States, because obviously the social contract will be done at the country level, and social contracts will be different according to the options that in each country are made by the Government and the people in its different forms of organization and dialogue.
The agenda calls for renewed solidarity among peoples and greater responsibility for the long-term consequences of today’s policies on young people and future generations. It also recommends better management of critical commons; usually we can see the global commons — the oceans, the atmosphere, outer space and Antarctica — but there are other global public goods: health, the economy, science and digital technology, among others.
World peace in itself is a critical global public good and a global public good that the United Nations was created to deliver — our primary mission. The Peacebuilding Commission is therefore central to my report on Our Common Agenda, and I thank you for this important opportunity to brief you today.
Seventy-six years since the United Nations was founded, we have successfully avoided another world war. However, peace remains elusive in many parts of the world. Conflict and violence continue to devastate lives and livelihoods in many regions. In others, the technical absence of war does not mean that people enjoy peace because record numbers of people are on the move, fleeing rising levels of violence of all kinds.
While we have made progress, including the twin General Assembly and Security Council resolutions on peacebuilding and sustaining peace, a central element when we consider the common agenda we must do better to deliver on the promise of the United Nations Charter. And the report proposes a New Agenda for Peace that takes a comprehensive, holistic view of global security.
Such an agenda should include measures to reduce strategic risks from nuclear arms, cyberwarfare and lethal autonomous weapons; strengthen foresight of future risks; and reshape responses to all forms of violence, including by criminal groups and even violence at home. It should boost our investment in prevention and peacebuilding by addressing the root causes of conflict, increasing support for regional initiatives that can fill critical gaps — and we have excellent experiences with the African Union, for instance; and put women and girls at the centre of security policy.
I hope that work to delineate this New Agenda for Peace will include a process of deep reflection on what peace means in today’s world, and how we can most effectively work together to achieve it, leaving no one behind — a reflection in which the Peacebuilding Commission has a central role to play.
I believe several areas require particular effort and attention in the New Agenda for Peace, either because the threats we face have evolved, or because our capacity to act has progressed.
First, we need to reduce and better manage existential risks that could — even inadvertently — bring about our own annihilation. This calls for a recommitment to the non-use of nuclear weapons and a timetable for their progressive elimination. We also need new measures to de-escalate cyber‑related risks, and to boost cooperation to prevent and counter terrorism.
Second, we need to strengthen strategic foresight and capacities to identify and manage new risks. I intend to make fuller use of the capacities for foresight across the United Nations family, bringing them together in a futures lab and harnessing their expertise in regular reports — a futures lab that will also be at your disposal — because the Peacebuilding Commission has an absolutely central role in these efforts.
Third, we need to recognize the links between all forms of violence, from terrorism to violence against women and girls. Whether violence is political or criminal, the harm it causes individuals, communities and societies does not necessarily differ. We must strive to reduce all these forms of violence and to join our best efforts across sectors.
The Peacebuilding Commission is already playing a leading role here, helping to reshape our response to multidimensional threats to development, peace and security, through an inclusive approach. Our Common Agenda is also a human rights agenda, and human rights commitments are a key reference point in the design and delivery of prevention and peacebuilding initiatives. The Commission’s engagement with human rights mechanisms will help to deliver the holistic approach of the New Agenda for Peace.
And then, more important than anything, we need to massively invest in prevention and peacebuilding. As Peacebuilding Commission Members know best of all, scaled-up preventive action could prevent loss of human life and incalculable suffering. Prevention must be based on better links between peace and security, human rights, climate and development work, focusing on factors that exacerbate grievances and drive conflict and violence. An expanded role for the Peacebuilding Commission would enable us to work in more locations, supporting preventive measures related to climate change, health, gender equality, development, human rights and more.
The Peacebuilding Fund has a similar multiplying effect. By ensuring adequate, predictable and [sustained] financing, including through assessed contributions, the Fund will have more bandwidth to grow its investments in support of Our Common Agenda. We also need to be focused on making sure that it delivers on the ground. To that end, I want every United Nations mission and country office to be a centre of prevention expertise.
Fifth, we need to put women and girls at the centre of our peace efforts. Everyone recognizes the value of the women, peace and security agenda, but few have made serious efforts to implement it. This must change. Here, too, the Commission has a key role to play, with experience in mainstreaming gender considerations through your strategy and action plan. I encourage you to continue to support women peacebuilders and to amplify their voices.
Our Common Agenda also includes many recommendations on the meaningful participation of young people in all decision-making processes, including prevention and peacebuilding.
A New Agenda for Peace could include all these ideas, and many more. I look to Member States, and particularly those with rich expertise in peace and security issues, to take these proposals forward and to present their own contributions. Next steps could include a dialogue on how to update our collective view of the peace and security landscape and match our resources and efforts to the nature and severity of the threats we face.
I hope we can advance the New Agenda for Peace as a key component of the Summit of the Future that I proposed for 2023, which will aim to find ways forward on critical global commons and global public goods: peace, the health of our planet, the economy, outer space, and the digital commons.
Our Common Agenda is an opportunity to revisit the pledge of the United Nations Charter to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, recognizing that such a promise today would encompass a much broader array of threats. The New Agenda for Peace is our platform to update that promise, and to keep it. I look forward to working with you. Your contribution will be decisive.
Thank you very much for being here today in this discussion and I look forward to our continued dialogue. Unfortunately, today I will have to leave at 11 a.m., after which Assistant Secretary-General [Oscar] Fernandez-Taranco will represent me.
10月26日波士顿报道，现年82岁的民主党前总统拜登今天晚间突然现身波士顿出席肯尼迪研究所举办的终身成就奖颁奖仪式，他在接受颁奖后公开讲话时称，美国现在这些日子是“黑暗的日子”。不久之前，他完成了针对他身患侵袭性前列腺癌的放射和激素治疗。 拜登在讲话结束时呼吁美国人“重新站起来”。他在讲话中还敦促美国人保持乐观，并称不要因为特朗普总统对言论自由的攻击和对行政权力界限的试探而放弃。 拜登称：“自建国以来，美国一直是世界历史上政府最强大理念的灯塔，这个理念比任何军队都强大。我们比独裁者更强大。” 拜登说，美国依赖于一个权力有限的总统、一个运转良好的国会和一个自主的司法机构。在联邦政府面临有史以来第二长停摆之际，特朗普总统利用资金缺口来对政府施加新的控制。 拜登还说：“朋友们，我无法粉饰这一切。这是黑暗的日子。重新找到我们真正的指南针，只要我们保持信念，我们就会一如既往地变得更加强大、更加智慧、更加坚韧、更加公正。” 拜登列举了一些坚守立场、抵制现任政府威胁的人士，例如抗议辞职的联邦雇员，以及被特朗普总统盯上的大学和喜剧演员。 拜登说：“深夜节目主持人明知自己的职业生涯岌岌可危，却依然坚持捍卫言论自由。” 拜登还对那些投票或公开反对特朗普政府的共和党民选官员发出了批评，他说：“美国不是童话，250年来，它一直在不断拉锯，在危险与可能性之间进行着一场关乎生存的斗争。” 民主党人拜登在他的白宫任职一届后于今年1月卸任。他在2024年美国总统大选期间与特朗普总统的辩论惨败后，拜登面临极大压力，加之对其年龄、健康和精神健康状况的担忧，最终被迫放弃了竞选连任。副总统哈里斯随后立即开始竞选连任，但于去年11月惨败给了共和党总统候选人特朗普。 今年5月，拜登卸任后的办公室宣布，他被诊断出患有恶性前列腺癌，且癌细胞已扩散至骨骼。前列腺癌的侵袭性使用格里森评分进行分级。评分范围为6至10分，8、9和10分的前列腺癌侵袭性更强。拜登办公室表示，他的评分为9分。
10月26日吉隆坡报道，美国财政部长贝森特（Scott Bessent）今天表示，在特朗普总统与中国国家主席习近平10月30日会晤之前，他已就中美贸易谈判达成了“实质性框架”，这有可能避免对中国进口商品征收高额关税。 贝森特表示：“我认为我们已经为下周四在韩国会晤的两位领导人达成了实质性框架。总统威胁说，如果中国实施稀土全球出口管制，将征收100%的关税，这给了我最大的筹码，所以我认为我们已经避免了这种情况。”他还补充说，如果协议得以实施，对中国商品征收关税将可避免。 关于中国威胁对贵重稀土矿物实施出口管制，贝森特表示，他认为“他们会将这一举措推迟一年，以便重新审查”。 贝森特还暗示，在持续的贸易战中，中国停止从美国购买大豆后，两国可能就美国大豆达成协议。他说：“我相信，当与中国达成的协议公布后，我们的大豆种植户会对本季以及未来几年的大豆种植情况感到非常满意。” 据美国大豆协会称，中国是美国大豆的最大买家，2023年和2024年购买了美国大豆出口量的50%以上。
10月26日加州萨克拉门托报道，民主党人加州州长纽森（Gavin Newsom）今天对外宣称，他将在2026年中期选举后考虑是否竞选美国总统。纽森的州长任期将于2027年1月结束，由于任期限制，他无法再次参选州长。 58岁的纽森今天在回复明年中期选举结束后是否会“认真考虑”竞选总统的问题时表示：“是的，否则我就是在撒谎，我就是撒谎。而且我不会——我不能那样做。” 纽森曾多次前往关键的摇摆州，包括今年7月访问南卡罗来纳州。目前，该州计划在2028年总统大选中举办首场民主党初选，但情况可能会有所改变。纽森当时的行程包含多个地点，他会见了该州民主党领导人，并在一家咖啡店驻足，号召活动人士，并帮助店员提供浓缩咖啡。 纽森在谈及在南卡罗来纳州与民主党人会面时说道：“我碰巧，感谢上帝，我做对了这行，我爱人。我真的爱人。” 纽森表示，在经历了包括阅读障碍在内的诸多挑战之后，他可能竞选美国总统的消息提醒他，人生可能会朝着意想不到的方向发展。 纽森还表示：“我不知道，一个SAT成绩只有960分，却仍然读不懂讲稿，总是待在教室后排的人，竟然会把这些都扔掉，这本身就很不可思议。谁知道呢？我期待着2028年谁能参选，谁能实现那个目标。而这正是美国人民应该思考的问题。” 纽森认为，他目前的重点是通过加州第50号提案。这项他一直倡导的投票措施将允许州民主党人暂时改变美国众议院选区的边界，使其更有利于民主党。 纽森说，他的努力将在下周的特别选举中决定结果，这是对特朗普总统推动共和党控制的州，如德克萨斯州修改国会选区划分的回应，以便共和党明年有更大的机会保住其在众议院的微弱多数席位。 纽森还说：“我认为这关乎我们的民主。这关乎这个共和国的未来。我认为这关乎开国元勋们为之奋斗乃至牺牲的事业，关乎法治，而非特朗普的统治。” 投票前紧张局势加剧，两党都认为重新划分选区的努力对于实现明年赢得众议院多数席位的目标至关重要。无论哪个党控制着众议院，都拥有对行政部门的传票和监督权。 纽森在10月23日的一场劳工活动上对50号提案的支持者说：“我们有成百上千的移民和海关执法局（ICE）和边境巡逻队。”他指的是该州的联邦特工。纽森预测，在11月4日的特别选举之前，他们的人数可能会增加。 纽森还说：“别以为选举日那天我们不会再看到更多这样的事，这些人可不是闹着玩的。” 纽森谴责美国司法部表示将派遣自己的监督员监督加州的补选和新泽西州的州长选举，称这是特朗普政府恐吓民主党人的举动。美国司法部表示，此举的目的是“确保透明度、选票安全以及遵守联邦法律”。 虽然纽森长期以来一直是加州的常客，但他去年涉足总统政治时引起了人们的强烈关注，当时他是民主党人拜登总统的坚定捍卫者，尤其是在拜登与特朗普的辩论表现之后，这促使许多民主党人呼吁拜登退出2024年的竞选。…
10月26日吉隆坡报道，美国总统特朗普今天在马来西亚首都吉隆坡见证了柬埔寨和泰国签署扩大停火协议仪式，该协议由特朗普总统在今年夏天协助促成，成功结束了柬泰两国的边境冲突。扩大停火协议签署后，特朗普总统又与柬埔寨和泰国达成了单独的经济协议。 此次仪式是特朗普抵达马来西亚吉隆坡东盟（ASEAN）年度峰会后参加的首项活动，也是他亚洲之行的一部分，他此次亚洲之行还包括将对日本和韩国的访问。 特朗普总统在见证了柬埔寨首相洪玛奈（Hun Manet）和泰国总理阿努廷（Anutin Charnvirakul）签署扩大停火协议时表示：“我们做了一件很多人认为不可能的事情。” 该协议要求泰国释放18名被俘柬埔寨士兵，并要求两国开始从边境撤走重型武器。柬埔寨总理称这是“历史性的一天”，泰国总理则表示，该协议奠定了“持久和平的基石”。 特朗普总统此前威胁对柬泰两国征收更高关税，以迫使它们同意结束这场已造成数十人死亡、数十万人流离失所的边境冲突。 此前，特朗普总统今天搭乘空军一号专机抵达马来西亚首都吉隆坡时，在走过红毯时与当地演员一起表演了他标志性的竞选舞蹈。他还一手挥舞着美国国旗，一手挥舞着马来西亚国旗。 马来西亚总理安瓦尔（Anwar Ibrahim）赞扬了泰国和柬埔寨之间的协议，并在峰会开幕致辞中表示：“它提醒我们，和解不是让步，而是一种勇气。” 特朗普总统今天还与马来西亚签署了涉及贸易和关键矿产的协议。由于中国限制了关键技术制造零部件的出口，美国一直在努力扩大其供应链，以减少对中国的依赖。 美国和马来西亚发表的联合声明称，双方达成协议“旨在加强双边经济关系，这将为两国出口商提供前所未有的进入对方市场的机会”。 该声明宣称：“该协议将以我们长期的经济关系为基础，包括2004年签署的《美国-马来西亚贸易投资框架协议》。
10月26日吉隆坡报道，美国总统特朗普总统于当地时间周日上午10点后不久抵达马来西亚首都吉隆坡，在亚洲之旅的首站与马来西亚总理安瓦尔举行了双边会谈，并与东盟 (ASEAN) 柬埔寨和泰国领导人举行会谈。 特朗普总统在为期一周的亚洲之旅里，还将与日本、韩国及中国领导人会晤，其重要目标是与中国国家主席习近平达成贸易协议，以期结束持续数月的贸易战。 特朗普总统在飞行途中发帖表示，他将在抵达后与泰国总理会面，并签署泰柬和平协议，并提及泰国太后诗丽吉最近去世的消息。 预计特朗普总统将于此次海外之行的最后一天10月30日，在韩国与中国国家主席习近平举行会谈。 今年夏天，随着美中关税和贸易谈判继续进行，两国关系有所缓和，但最近，在美中两国领导人会晤前几周，中国宣布加强对稀土矿物的出口管制，紧张局势进一步加剧。特朗普政府认为，这些扩大的限制措施适用于世界各国，将对全球制造业产生重大影响。特朗普总统的高级经济顾问称中国的出口管制是“经济胁迫”和“敲诈勒索”。 作为回应，特朗普总统威胁称，如果与习近平的谈判失败，美国将从11月1日起对中国进口产品加征100%的关税。 即便如此，特朗普总统仍显得乐观，表示期待与习近平会晤时“能够达成一项好协议”。他表示，预计双方还将就中国购买美国大豆，甚至核问题进行磋商。 访问马来西亚后，特朗普将前往日本，预计将与日本新任首相高市早苗举行会谈。高市早苗是一位政治保守派，也是日本首位女性领导人。尽管美日两国已经达成贸易协议，但此次会谈仍将重点关注美日关系的这一方面。 预计特朗普10月29日还将访问韩国参加亚太经合组织（APEC）峰会。届时，特朗普总统将与韩国总统举行双边会晤，并在亚太经合组织（APEC）工商领导人午餐会上发表主旨演讲，并参加亚太经合组织工作晚宴。
10月25日第比利斯报道，格鲁吉亚国家安全局（SSG）今天表示，三名中国公民在格鲁吉亚首都第比利斯被捕，他们试图非法购买2公斤（4.4磅）铀。 格鲁吉亚国家安全局在一份声明中表示，嫌疑人计划经俄罗斯将核材料运往中国，并公布了扣押行动的视频片段。 该机构表示：“三名中国公民在第比利斯被拘留，他们试图非法购买2公斤核材料—铀。” 并补充说，该犯罪集团成员计划支付40万美元（34.4万欧元）购买这些放射性物质。 据当局称，一名已在格鲁吉亚的中国公民违反格鲁吉亚签证规定，带领专家前往格鲁吉亚，在该国各地搜寻铀矿。 声明称，该犯罪集团的其他成员在中国协调了此次行动。肇事者在“商讨非法交易细节”时被确认身份并被拘留。 该机构没有具体说明逮捕的具体时间，也没有提供嫌疑人的身份。 今年1月，据称是日本犯罪集团头目的日本人海老泽武（Takeshi Ebisawa）承认了一项指控，他被控密谋从缅甸贩运铀和钚，因为他相信伊朗会将其用于制造核武器。