UNITED NATIONS, New York, Oct 29 – The Third Committee (Social, Humanitarian and Cultural) punctuated its series of interactive dialogues today, with a briefing by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees who rallied Governments to draw inspiration from the world’s 82 million people forcibly displaced who refuse to give up on their quest to build a better life.
In making that call, Filippo Grandi invoked the seventieth anniversary of the 1951 Refugee Convention, celebrated this year, and appealed for renewed international solidarity. “We must never forget that nobody wants to live with the anxiety of exile,” he said, describing UNHCR’s focus on solutions. From Afghanistan and Yemen to Ethiopia and elsewhere, he requested more resources and the establishment of enabling conditions to serve those in need, hindrance free.
He objected to the construction of walls and the outsourcing of asylum management in wealthier countries, stressing that borders should be kept secure without compromising the dignity of refugees. He pointed to several countries in Africa leading the way with naturalization efforts, citing UNHCR’s decision in September to recommend the general cessation of refugee status for those from Côte d’Ivoire after years of exile. “If we are to face the immense challenges before us – conflicts, poverty, pandemics and the climate emergency ‑ we will need to work together,” he assured.
In the ensuing dialogue, delegates praised UNHCR’s lifesaving work while also expressing concern about the rising numbers of refugees worldwide. Morocco’s delegate, on behalf of the African Group, called for a holistic approach to address the root causes of displacement, while the representatives of Egypt and Pakistan, whose countries host refugees, requested more burden and responsibility‑sharing. The representatives of the Russian Federation and Turkey meanwhile sounded the alarm that conditions in Afghanistan are veering towards a refugee crisis. Finland’s delegate, speaking for the Nordic countries, underlined the increase of sexual and gender‑based violence.
Later in the day, Nazhat Shameem Khan, President of the Human Rights Council, updated the Committee on the activities of the Geneva‑based body, pointing to the adoption of four resolutions highlighting the link between the COVID‑19 crisis and human rights. She also drew attention to a resolution establishing a new mandate for a Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights in the context of climate change, and another text recognizing the human right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment.
“These resolutions are the culmination of years of work and a result of strong political will and commitment to address a global environmental crisis and achieving environmental justice,” she assured.
The Third Committee will reconvene at 10 a.m. on Friday, 5 November, to take action on draft resolutions.
FILIPPO GRANDI, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, presenting the Office’s annual report (document A/76/12) said the seventieth anniversary of the 1951 Refugee Convention marked States’ strong commitment to international solidarity when dealing with internally displaced persons. The same cooperation is needed today. “If we are to face the immense challenges before us ‑ conflicts, poverty, pandemics and the climate emergency ‑ we will need to work together,” he assured. Noting that tensions and conflict occur when resources are made scarce by climate change, he drew attention to climate-related displacement as “a growing reality”, inviting Governments to discuss this matter at the twenty‑sixth Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP26).
Noting that conflict continues to be the main driver of displacement, he turned first to Afghanistan, where millions of people have been displaced internally and abroad, with Iran and Pakistan and Turkey hosting generations of Afghan refugees. In Yemen, Ethiopia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Libya and the Central Sahel, UNHCR requires more resources ‑ and the establishment of an enabling environment ‑ to serve those in need. He considered the construction of walls and the outsourcing of asylum management in wealthier countries alarming, stressing that borders should be kept secure without compromising the dignity of refugees. While appreciating the challenges posed by “mixed movements” in Libya and Central America, he said borders can be kept secure without depriving asylum seekers their rights, through processes that are fair and fast.
He said the UNHCR Global Compact on Refugees, affirmed by the General Assembly in 2018, has catalyzed a “whole of society” response to forced displacement, with the World Bank and others supporting host country services to ease the inclusion of refugees. He also pointed to the importance of bilateral donors that have provided billions of dollars to increase the proportion of grants available to refugee‑hosting countries. Touching on reforms within the Office, he said UNHCR has moved staff, resources and decision‑making closer to the field and improved planning and budgeting, while reinforcing risk management and oversight. He also announced that UNHCR published its first climate pledge earlier this year, which includes actions such as reforestation, use of renewables and a green financing facility.
“We must never forget that nobody wants to live with the anxiety of exile,” he said, describing UNHCR’s focus on solutions. He pointed to several countries in Africa leading the way by naturalizing refugees, highlighting UNHCR’s decision in September to recommend the general cessation of refugee status for refugees from Côte d’Ivoire after years of exile. Similarly, he also praised Canada’s actions to welcome settlers and Colombia’s initiatives that led to the protection of 1.7 million Venezuelan refugees. He then identified security concerns as a potential obstacle to the return of refugees, inviting the international community to strengthen the collaboration with countries of origins, including Burundi, Syria and Somalia. Indeed, the world’s 82 million forcibly displaced persons, despite the trials of COVID‑19, climate and conflict, have refused to give up. “My appeal to you today, and especially to the leaderships you represent, is to be inspired by them,” he said.
In the ensuing dialogue, all delegations praised UNHCR’s life‑saving work. At the same time, they also expressed concerns about the rising number of refugees, with Morocco’s delegate, on behalf of the African Group, calling for a holistic approach to address the root causes of displacement and appealing for greater solidarity. Burden and responsibility‑sharing were requested by the representatives of Egypt and Pakistan, who highlighted the large numbers of refugees hosted by their countries.
Regarding the situation in Syria, Lebanon’s representative recalled that her country hosts 1.5 million refugees from Syria, encouraging UNHCR to foster an environment that will ensure aid to Syria for their return. Several delegations also commented on the situation in Afghanistan with representatives of the Russian Federation urging the international community to work together to avoid a refugee crisis and Turkey’s delegate calling for a strengthening of cross‑border mechanisms.
On another note, Finland’s delegate, speaking for the Nordic countries, underlined the increase of sexual and gender‑based violence, inviting Member States to co‑sponsor the resolution that will be tabled. The representative of Italy meanwhile asked the High Commissioner about the best means to ensure the return of children refugees to school.
Also speaking were representatives of Syria, Venezuela, United States, Mexico, Ethiopia, Qatar, Switzerland, Azerbaijan, Thailand, Romania, Georgia, Malaysia, China, France, Republic of Korea, Cyprus, Côte d’Ivoire, Greece, India, Canada, Mali, Iran, Bangladesh, Algeria and Morocco, as well as observers for the European Union and the Sovereign Order of Malta.
Mr. GRANDI, responding, highlighted progress related to responsibility‑sharing, noting that development organizations are now factoring displacement into their programmes and financial instruments, while the United States and other countries are increasing resettlement efforts. However, the burden is still very much on host countries, which provide haven for 90 per cent of the 25‑26 million refugees around the world. He called for an increase in financial contributions, resettlement and cooperation in pursuing solutions that end the need for asylum.
In Africa, resource mobilization must be stepped up, he stressed, adding conditions on the continent have generated a series of commitments that are not yet fully concretized. The Secretary‑General’s High‑level Panel on Internal Displacement outlines a few solutions, in particular, to include refugees in the social services of host countries. Or, as Colombia has done, countries could integrate refugees into local economies.
Turning to the situations in Colombia, Somalia and Afghanistan, he said the solution may not be the return of internally displaced persons to their countries of origin, as they are likely to stay where they are. The challenge relates to urban development, he said, recalling the example of Burkina Faso, where people moved to urban centres for safety and then stayed permanently. To this end, UNHCR is ready to provide its expertise to discussions on reducing internal displacement.
“How do we define conditions to return?” Mr. GRANDI asked in relation to the situation in Syria. Guiding decisions on what people will need is what people themselves say, he emphasized, adding that Syrian refugees are asking for security and access to basic services. To establish those conditions, cooperation is pivotal, he said, calling for action to foster sustainable repatriation in areas where there is not yet a peace agreement or stability. In many cases, people want to return, provided that a minimum set of conditions is guaranteed. To find a way forward is always possible, he said.
Turning to the impact of COVID‑19 on education for refugees, he underscored the need to support host community education facilities, calling vaccine inequity “a blatant indicator” of many other inequalities and reiterating his appeal that host countries be prioritized in distribution efforts.
Stressing the importance of refugee‑led organizations, he called for increased interaction at the field level as a key component of support for refugees and internally displaced persons. He went on to voice concern over sexual and gender‑based violence against women refugees, as well as boys, emphasizing that his Office will prioritize a robust response. He also expressed concern about the situation of people discriminated against on account of their sexual orientation. Finally, on Afghanistan, he underscored the priority need for humanitarian action and joint efforts with the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), World Health Organization (WHO) and other humanitarian organizations.
NAZHAT SHAMEEM KHAN, President of the Human Rights Council, presenting her report (document A/76/53), said the Geneva‑based body sharpened its focus on the numerous challenges posed by COVID-19 by considering numerous reports, holding five panel discussions and adopting four resolutions to highlight the link between the pandemic and human rights. The Council also examined recommendations on ensuring that human rights are respected during the crisis. It responded promptly to emerging human rights emergencies and convened three special sessions to address the situations in Myanmar, the Occupied Palestinian Territory and Israel, and Afghanistan.
Detailing recent developments, she said the Council in July established an international independent expert mechanism to advance racial justice and equality in the context of law enforcement. In October, it adopted a resolution establishing a new mandate for a Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights in the context of climate change, and another text recognizing the human right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment. “These resolutions are the culmination of years of work and a result of strong political will and commitment to address a global environmental crisis and achieving environmental justice,” she assured. The Council also held two sessions of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review, with a third Working Group session to be held in November. These sessions have benefited from virtual work methods, enabling many States under review to be represented by high‑level delegations participating from their capitals.
She went on to note that the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island Developing States Trust Fund supported the participation of 19 delegates in the Council’s 2020 regular sessions, with a consensual decision ‑ adopted in March and a record 160 Member States sponsoring ‑ calling for a high-level panel discussion to be held in February 2022 marking the Fund’s tenth anniversary. “As a national of a small island developing State, I am deeply grateful to those who have contributed so generously to this important initiative”, she said, as it allows delegates from around the world to take their unique experiences back home. Turning to the invaluable role played by civil society, she said 260 organizations have participated in meetings throughout the year, sometimes at great risk to their own personal safety, delivering over 900 statements. “It is imperative that we continue to remain inclusive and representative,” she stressed, noting in a similar context the first consensual adoption of a resolution on cooperation with the United Nations in the field of human rights. With that, she urged States to “to build more bridges, to listen to each other and work collectively towards achieving our common goal of guaranteeing human rights worldwide”.
When the floor opened for questions and comments, the representative of the United Kingdom expressed support for the crucial role of the Human Rights Council in monitoring situations and reporting on violations wherever they occur. She asked whether there are any changes to the Council’s work methods and programme that would be beneficial to continue after restrictions are lifted. The representative of El Salvador reiterated her country’s commitment to focus on the rights of migrants, girls, youth and on the relation between human rights and climate change, noting that its work is having a genuine impact in multiple countries. The representative of Indonesia meanwhile warned that COVID‑19 has aggravated the already difficult situation in Myanmar. He called for strengthening multilateralism and universal health rights, including access to vaccines. He asked the Chair to share reflections on the current state of human rights during her presidency, and about the synergy between the work of the Third Committee and the Human Rights Council.
Meanwhile, the representative of Ethiopia underscored the need to preserve the principles of impartiality, objectivity and non‑selectivity, stressing that the Council should focus on the right to development, as well as on economic, social, civil, cultural and political rights. Its resolution 47/13, concerning the situation in Ethiopia, undermines national efforts and the Government’s ongoing work with the High Commissioner for Human Rights. She rejected the text as politically motivated and adopted without consensus, expressing regret over the politicization of the Council itself.
The representative of Syria warned against creating a confrontational atmosphere in the Council through selectivity and the use of double standards, noting that the universal periodic review process should represent the constructive nature of human rights efforts. The Council’s work should be conducted in a transparent manner and refrain from partiality.
Also speaking were representatives of the Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Greece, Republic of Korea, Bulgaria, Finland, France, Portugal, Australia, Cuba, China, Mexico, Iran, Egypt, Morocco, Portugal and Yemen, as well as observers for the European Union and the Sovereign Order of Malta.
Ms. SHAMEEM KHAN, responding, clarified that the human rights situation in Yemen remains on Council’s agenda and that both technical assistance and capacity building continue to be provided. To critiques of the special procedures, she said these experts visit States upon invitation, issue thematic reports that are equal in application and provide constructive recommendations on the progress of States in their human rights journey. Recognizing the need for dialogue, she said she organized an informal conversation between States and the Coordination Committee earlier this year on the progress of special procedures mechanisms. On increasing the synergy between New York and Geneva, she referred to COVID‑19 restrictions and underscored the importance of visits to bridge the perceived gap between both cities.
5月25日华沙报道，波兰副国防部长扎列夫斯基（Pawel Zalewski）近日表示，波方已主动提议建造必要的基础设施，以便容纳美军的永久驻扎；此举旨在“理清”这美国和波兰之间的相关军事部署现状。 据《华盛顿时报》报道，扎列夫斯基在近期的一次采访中透露，波兰这项关于永久接纳美军驻扎的提议，其中包括建立一座能够容纳官兵家属的完整军事基地，是上周美波两国高级官员之间更广泛磋商议程的一部分。扎列夫斯基向《华盛顿时报》发表上述言论后不久，特朗普总统便宣布将向波兰增派5000名美军。 对于特朗普政府而言，这无疑是一次突如其来的政策转向；此前，美国曾决定取消美国陆军第2骑兵团部队赴波兰执行为期9个月的轮训任务，而这一决定随即招致了美国国会共和党人及北约（NATO）盟友的猛烈抨击。 扎列夫斯基表示，波兰已准备好为境内增派的美军建造所需的设施。该国是美欧武器装备向东输送至乌克兰的关键枢纽，而乌克兰目前正与俄罗斯陷入一场激烈的战争之中。 此外，扎列夫斯基在近日接受《泰晤士报》采访时说：“我们已主动提出为美军的永久驻扎建造基础设施，我们也深知此举意味着什么。” 扎列夫斯基表示，作为波兰与美国之间旨在“澄清局势”的对话内容之一，此次关于建立更具永久性基地的提议，其规划并不仅仅局限于容纳部队，而是一个能够同时安置官兵家属的综合性驻地。 扎列夫斯基说：“我们需要建造一座‘小城’，为这种永久性驻扎态势构建一套完整的、自给自足的基础设施体系，我们已做好准备着手实施。” 扎列夫斯基表示，本周美波两国官员之间的一系列接触旨在巩固双边关系，并澄清相关情况。 扎列夫斯基表示：“我们工作的重点在于澄清局势，因为我们此前感到十分困惑。” 他补充称，波兰政府将随时获悉欧洲地区兵力部署态势的最新变化，“这一过程预计将持续长达4周，在此期间，我们将始终参与磋商。 据扎列夫斯基透露，美方对波兰代表团做出的一项承诺是：未来的美军调动将不会“有损特朗普总统关于不削减美国对波兰参与度的声明”。 扎列夫斯基拒绝就外界担忧的、特朗普政府的公开立场与美国国务院及美国国防部实际采取的行动之间可能存在的日益扩大的分歧发表评论。 扎列夫斯基表示：“我们需要加强针对俄罗斯的威慑力，我们深知，这需要北约采取果断的行动。” 美国在欧洲常年驻有8万至10万名官兵，具体人数随时间定期波动。其中，约1万名美军官兵驻扎在波兰。另有约3.5万名美军人员驻扎在德国，这是美国在该欧洲任何国家中部署的最大规模的部队。…
5月26日莫斯科报道，俄罗斯外交部今天表示，已告知美国国务卿卢比奥（Marco Rubio），俄罗斯正策划对乌克兰首都发动新一轮打击，敦促美国撤离驻基辅的外交官及美国公民。 据俄罗斯政府透露，拉夫罗夫在5月25日与卢比奥的通话中正式知会美国，俄罗斯将对乌克兰军事设施以及“决策中心”发动“系统且持续的打击”。 在拉夫罗夫与卢比奥的此次通话发生之前，俄罗斯在发表的一份声明中敦促外国公民、外交人员及国际组织撤离基辅；因为俄方正准备以该首都为打击目标，重点针对那些用于设计、制造和编程无人机的设施。 俄罗斯政府的声明指出：“此次打击将针对决策中心及指挥所。鉴于上述设施散布于基辅全城各处，我们特此通知包括外交使团及国际组织人员在内的外国公民，务必尽快撤离该市。” 此外，俄罗斯政府还警告基辅居民，切勿使用军事或政府设施及基础设施。 据俄罗斯外交部透露，拉夫罗夫在5月25日的通话中向卢比奥告知了即将对基辅发动的系统性打击。 美国国务院发言人皮戈特在关于此次通话的通报中表示，卢比奥是应拉夫罗夫的请求与其进行对话的，“双方就俄乌战争、双边关系以及伊朗局势交换了意见。” 据俄罗斯外交部称，拉夫罗夫对俄乌和平协议陷入僵局“表示遗憾”。 去年，美国主导了俄罗斯与乌克兰代表团之间的谈判，旨在尽快结束两国间的战争。经过数月的外交斡旋，谈判最终陷入僵局；其中乌克兰向俄罗斯割让领土的问题依然是症结所在。 本月初，美国总统特朗普与俄罗斯领导人普京均表示，他们认为这场冲突即将结束。特朗普总统当时对记者表示：“关于乌克兰战争的结束，我真心认为这一刻已经非常临近了。” 然而，卢比奥5月22日对记者表示，由美国主导的旨在通过谈判达成和平协议的努力已经中止，并解释称此前的谈判“未取得成效。目前此类谈判并未进行，但我们希望这一局面能有所改变，因为这场战争唯有通过谈判达成和解才能终结，它绝不会以某一方取得军事胜利的方式告终。” 卢比奥表示，如果和平谈判具有建设性，美国随时准备继续予以斡旋；他补充道，“目前看来，世界上似乎没有其他方能够胜任这一任务。我们无意卷入那种徒劳无功、永无止境的会议循环之中。” 特朗普总统在重返白宫第二任期之前，曾强调他有能力在一天之内解决乌克兰战争。 2022年2月，自俄罗斯发动对乌克兰特别军事行动以来，基辅屡屡遭受俄军的打击。刚刚过去的这个周末，该市又遭遇了俄罗斯的新一轮袭击，是自俄乌战争爆发以来针对该市最大规模的导弹袭击。
5月25日华盛顿报道，有最新消息称，美国已回收了4种不同外星生命的遗骸；该消息在不明飞行物（UFO）真相公开运动中引发了轩然大波，并进一步激起了关于美国政府掌握多少外星生命相关信息的讨论。 上周，曾获中情局（CIA）资助的研究员、前“先进航空航天武器系统应用项目”顾问普特霍夫（Hal Puthoff）在《首席执行官日记》(The Diary of a CEO）播客节目中讨论不明飞行物时，披露了有关最新内幕。 普特霍夫在该播客节目中表示：“鉴于其技术的先进程度，如果他们不想被我们看见，我们就绝无可能看到他们。因此看来，或者说，我认为有证据表明，无论出于何种原因，他们是希望被我们看见的。” 普特霍夫随后称，美国政府官员已从各类不明飞行物残骸中，回收到了4种截然不同的外星生命体。 普特霍夫说：“参与过回收工作的人士表示，至少存在4种类型。4种截然不同的类型，虽然我本人并未直接接触过相关实物，但我相信那些曾与我交谈过的人，即存在4种截然不同的生命类型。” 据《纽约邮报》报道，尽管普特霍夫并未详述这些疑似外星物种的具体类型，但他曾在“高级航空威胁识别计划”（AAWSAP）共事的前同事戴维斯博士（Dr. Eric Davis）此前曾透露，这些类型包括“北欧人型”(Nordics)、“灰人型”(Grays)、“昆虫型”(Insectoids）以及“爬虫型”(Reptilians)。 据报道，戴维斯博士援引去年的情报报告声称，从所谓的不明飞行物残骸中打捞出的每一个生物体在外观上都与人类相似，因为它们都长有两条手臂和双腿。 据报道，《灾难性披露》（Catastrophic…
5月25日东京报道，日本日经225指数（Nikkei 225）今天首次突破6.5万点大关，在因假期交投清淡的亚洲市场中创下历史新高。此前有报道称，至关重要的霍尔木兹海峡可能即将重新开放，该消息压低了油价，并提振了投资者情绪。 美国总统特朗普在社交媒体平台“真实社交”上发帖表示，与伊朗的谈判正“以有序且具有建设性的方式推进”；他补充道，已指示其代表们“不要急于达成协议，因为时间站在[他们]这一边”。 在特朗普总统发表上述言论后，油价应声下跌逾5%，从而缓解了投资者的压力。此前，在特朗普政府对伊朗港口实施封锁、且伊朗实际上关闭了作为全球最重要能源航道之一的霍尔木兹海峡之后，油价曾一度大幅飙升。 在亚洲早盘交易中，西德克萨斯中质原油（WTI）7月期货下跌4.71%，报每桶92.06美元；布伦特原油7月期货下跌4.42%，报每桶98.96美元。 日本日经225指数周一收盘上涨2.87%，报65158.19点，盘中一度触及历史新高；东证指数（Topix）上涨1.29%，报3942.57点。 台湾加权指数（Taiex）收盘上涨3.26%，报43644.40点，盘中创下历史新高。 澳大利亚标普/澳证200指数（S&P/ASX 200）上涨0.40%，报8692点；中国沪深300指数上涨1.58%，报4921.6点；印度指数50（Nifty 50）上涨1.09%。 香港和韩国市场因公共假期休市。美国市场今天也将因“阵亡将士纪念日”休市。 在5月22日上周五的常规交易时段，道琼斯工业平均指数上涨294.04点，涨幅为0.58%，收报50579.70点。这一由30只成分股组成的指数盘中创下历史新高，并再次刷新收盘纪录。 标普500指数上涨0.37%，收报7473.47点。纳斯达克综合指数上涨0.19%，收报26343.97点。
5月24日华盛顿报道，在美国总统特朗普表示与伊朗就重新开放霍尔木兹海峡进行的谈判取得进展之后，原油价格下跌超过4%；不过，他也同时指出，美国不会急于达成协议。 截至美国东部时间下午7:13，西德克萨斯中质原油（WTI）期货价格下跌约5%，报每桶91.65美元。国际基准布伦特原油期货价格也下跌了约5%，报每桶98.30美元。 特朗普今天在社交媒体发帖称：“谈判正以有序且具有建设性的方式进行。我已经指示我的代表们不要急于达成协议，因为时间站在我们这一边。” 特朗普总统于5月23日曾表示，与伊朗就开放霍尔木兹海峡及其他相关问题达成的协议已基本谈妥，并将很快予以公布。特朗普总统此前曾多次暗示与伊朗的冲突即将得到解决，但随后紧张局势却往往再度升级，导致油价持续飙升。 上周，美国原油价格下跌超过8%，布伦特原油价格也暴跌逾5；此前特朗普曾表示，他叫停了针对伊朗的迫在眉睫的空袭行动，以便为谈判争取更多时间。自2月28日美国与以色列联手袭击伊朗以来，油价已累计飙升超过30%。 自3月初以来，伊朗对霍尔木兹海峡的航运实施了事实上的封锁，要求过往船只必须获得其许可及支付费用后方可通行，否则将面临遭受袭击的风险。 伊朗封锁霍尔木兹海峡的行动是在美国与以色列空袭伊朗，并导致伊朗最高领袖哈梅内伊（Ayatollah Ali Khamenei）及其他高层领导人遇难之后实施的。 霍尔木兹海峡是全球石油市场最为关键的咽喉要道之一；在战争爆发之前，全球约20%的石油供应均需途经该海峡运输。受伊朗实施封锁的影响，中东地区的石油出口量大幅锐减，从而引发了历史上规模最为庞大的石油供应中断危机。 作为反制措施，美国也对伊朗的港口及船只实施了封锁。特朗普总统今天表示，美国对伊朗的港口及船只的封锁措施将继续“全面有效执行，直至双方达成、核实并正式签署协议为止”。
5月24日华盛顿报道，一位特朗普政府高级官员今天透露，美国与伊朗正致力于达成一项最终协议。这位官员表示，伊朗方面已原则上同意一项协议，其中包括处置高浓缩铀的内容；双方在原则层面已达成广泛共识。 一位特朗普政府高级官员今天上午表示，在与美国的谈判中，伊朗已原则上同意处置其高浓缩铀，尽管相关协议很可能不会在本周末签署。 这位官员透露，美方认为伊朗最高领袖已批准了该协议的框架草案，但在正式签署任何文件之前，仍需达成最终协议。 该官员指出，美方希望伊朗承诺处置其高浓缩铀，并解决其他相关的核问题。这位官员还表示，本届政府认为，与前总统奥巴马时期于2015年达成的协议相比，目前的这份协议更为优越；2015年的协议曾允许伊朗在一定限度内进行核浓缩活动。 作为协议的一项先决条件，美国将解除对进出伊朗港口船只实施的封锁。该官员表示，美国中央司令部将与海湾国家进行协调，以确保船只能够安全通行；但他同时强调，这种协调不应被解读为一种“过路费”收费机制。 这位官员透露，美国副总统万斯、中东特使威特科夫以及特朗普总统的女婿库什纳均参与了此次谈判。美方正致力于将所有中东盟友都纳入到这一进程之中。 此前，特朗普总统在社交平台“真实社交”上发文称，美伊谈判仍在进行中，但他已指示其代表们“不要急于达成协议”，并强调“时间站在我们这一边”。 5月23日，特朗普总统在与多位中东国家领导人通电话后表示，与伊朗达成的一项和平协议已“基本谈妥”，但最终细节仍在商讨之中。他与美国国务卿卢比奥（Marco Rubio）均表示，更多细节将于近期公布。 特朗普总统5月23日早些时候表示，谈判代表们已“非常接近”达成最终协议。消息人士透露，当时最新的提案内容包括：启动重新开放霍尔木兹海峡的程序、解冻伊朗存放于海外银行的部分资产，以及继续开展后续谈判。伊朗半官方性质的法尔斯通讯社（Fars News Agency）5月23日报道称，即便“最终达成协议，霍尔木兹海峡仍将处于伊朗的管辖之下”。